Chewing gum has been part of human culture for thousands of years, from the birch pitch chewed by ancient civilizations to the modern minty flavors we love today. But amid all the bubble-blowing fun, a question lingers in the minds of many dental enthusiasts and health-conscious individuals alike—is chewing gum bad for your teeth? In this blog post, we’ll explore the history, benefits, and potential downsides of chewing gum, especially focusing on its impact on dental health.
The Ancient Chewing Habit
Chewing Gum Through the Ages
Believe it or not, chewing gum isn’t a modern invention. Archeologists have discovered that ancient civilizations chewed substances like birch pitch. This age-old habit provides more than just a peek into dietary preferences; it offers a window into prehistoric lives. Encased within the birch pitch, scientists have found genetic material, revealing information about the health, diet, and even the appearance of our ancestors.
Modernization and Commercialization
Fast forward to the 19th century, and the commercialization of chewing gum took off in the United States. New England settlers borrowed the practice from American Indians, who chewed resin made from spruce sap. John B. Curtis is credited with creating the first commercial chewing gum in 1848, named “State of Maine Pure Spruce Gum.”
A Billion-Dollar Industry
Today, chewing gum remains a popular confectionery product. The global chewing gum market is projected to be worth $32.63 billion by 2019, showcasing its enduring appeal. But what exactly is chewing gum made of, and why do people chew it?
What Exactly is Chewing Gum?
The Composition
Chewing gum typically has a rubber-like texture and is designed to be chewed but not swallowed. Modern gums contain sweeteners, plasticizers or softeners, coloring, and flavoring, making each brand unique in taste and texture.
Why People Chew Gum
People chew gum for various reasons:
- Fresh Breath: Mint-flavored gums are particularly popular for maintaining fresh breath.
- Concentration: Some find that chewing gum helps them focus while working or studying.
- Enjoyment: The wide range of flavors, textures, shapes, and sizes cater to diverse preferences.
- Bubble Fun: For many, blowing bubbles is the best part of chewing gum.
Is Chewing Gum Good for You?
Potential Health Benefits
Despite concerns, research suggests that chewing gum has several health benefits:
- Reduced Food Cravings: According to a study by Louisiana State University, chewing gum after a meal can reduce food cravings, helping people avoid high-calorie snacks.
- Improved Memory: Chewing gum increases blood flow to the brain, enhancing cognitive performance and memory.
- Stress Relief: The act of chewing can reduce stress by lowering cortisol levels, the body’s primary stress hormone.
- Digestive Aid: Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, aiding digestion and easing acid reflux and heartburn.
Chewing Gum and Migraines
However, chewing gum is not without its drawbacks. Studies have linked chewing gum with migraines, particularly due to the artificial sweetener aspartame found in some products. Prolonged chewing can also lead to migraines, possibly due to strain on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
The Impact of Chewing Gum on Teeth
The Downside of Sugary Gum
Chewing gum with added sugar can be harmful to your teeth. The sugar promotes the production of oral bacteria, leading to cavities and tooth decay. However, there are alternatives.
The Benefits of Sugarless Gum
Sugarless gum offers several dental benefits:
- Kills Bacteria: According to Medical Daily, chewing sugarless gum can kill up to 100 million bacteria in just ten minutes.
- Prevents Dental Caries and Gum Disease: The American Dental Association reports that chewing sugarless gum for 20 minutes after a meal can reduce the risk of tooth decay and gum disease.
- Cleans Your Mouth: Increased saliva production helps wash away food particles and neutralize acids, keeping your mouth clean.
- Strengthens Enamel: Saliva contains calcium and phosphate, which can strengthen tooth enamel.
Proper Oral Hygiene is Key
While sugarless gum can benefit your teeth, it should never replace good oral hygiene. Brush your teeth at least twice a day, floss regularly, and visit your dentist biannually to ensure optimal dental health.
What Should You Do for Better Teeth?
Practice Moderation
Moderation is crucial. Avoid straining your jaw muscles by chewing gum constantly, which can lead to TMJ disorders. Opt for sugarless gum to prevent the harmful effects of added sugars.
Maintain Proper Oral Hygiene
Complement the benefits of sugarless gum with proper oral care:
- Brush Properly: Use the correct pressure, angle, and strokes when brushing your teeth for two minutes, twice a day.
- Floss Regularly: Flossing removes food particles stuck between teeth that brushing might miss.
- Use Mouth Rinse: A good mouth rinse can provide additional protection against bacteria and plaque.
Regular Dental Visits
Most importantly, visit your dentist at least twice a year for routine check-ups and cleanings. Professional dental care is essential for maintaining healthy teeth and gums.
Can Gum Chewing Cause Migraine Headaches?
Genetic and Environmental Triggers
Migraines can have various triggers, including genetics, lack of sleep, stress, and certain foods. Recent studies have identified another potential trigger for migraines, especially in young adults—chewing gum.
The Role of Aspartame
Some studies suggest that aspartame, an artificial sweetener in many gum brands, could be a culprit. However, the University of Tel Aviv’s Meir Medical Center conducted a study indicating that the act of chewing itself might be to blame.
The TMJ Connection
The study involved 30 children aged 6 to 19 who were regular migraine sufferers and chewed gum for at least an hour daily. After quitting gum for a month, 19 reported no headaches, and seven experienced fewer or less severe headaches. When 20 participants resumed chewing gum for two weeks, their symptoms returned. The study suggests that continuous chewing strains the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), causing head and neck pain.
The Final Verdict on Chewing Gum and Dental Health
Balancing the Pros and Cons
Chewing gum has both benefits and drawbacks. While it can aid in reducing food cravings, improving memory, relieving stress, and aiding digestion, it can also cause dental issues if it contains sugar and may trigger migraines. The key is to choose sugarless gum and practice moderation.
Prioritize Oral Hygiene
Always complement gum chewing with proper oral hygiene practices. Brushing, flossing, and regular dental visits are essential for maintaining healthy teeth and gums.
Explore Further Resources
For more information on maintaining optimal dental health and making informed choices about chewing gum, consider consulting with dental professionals and exploring reputable health websites.
In summary, chewing gum is not inherently bad for your teeth, especially if you choose sugarless options and maintain good oral hygiene. With the right balance, you can enjoy the benefits of chewing gum without compromising your dental health.